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Chaitanya Kulkarni da46b5dfef blktrace: fix __this_cpu_read/write in preemptible context
tracing_record_cmdline() internally uses __this_cpu_read() and
__this_cpu_write() on the per-CPU variable trace_cmdline_save, and
trace_save_cmdline() explicitly asserts preemption is disabled via
lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled(). These operations are only safe
when preemption is off, as they were designed to be called from the
scheduler context (probe_wakeup_sched_switch() / probe_wakeup()).

__blk_add_trace() was calling tracing_record_cmdline(current) early in
the blk_tracer path, before ring buffer reservation, from process
context where preemption is fully enabled. This triggers the following
using blktests/blktrace/002:

blktrace/002 (blktrace ftrace corruption with sysfs trace)   [failed]
    runtime  0.367s  ...  0.437s
    something found in dmesg:
    [   81.211018] run blktests blktrace/002 at 2026-02-25 22:24:33
    [   81.239580] null_blk: disk nullb1 created
    [   81.357294] BUG: using __this_cpu_read() in preemptible [00000000] code: dd/2516
    [   81.362842] caller is tracing_record_cmdline+0x10/0x40
    [   81.362872] CPU: 16 UID: 0 PID: 2516 Comm: dd Tainted: G                 N  7.0.0-rc1lblk+ #84 PREEMPT(full)
    [   81.362877] Tainted: [N]=TEST
    [   81.362878] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
    [   81.362881] Call Trace:
    [   81.362884]  <TASK>
    [   81.362886]  dump_stack_lvl+0x8d/0xb0
    ...
    (See '/mnt/sda/blktests/results/nodev/blktrace/002.dmesg' for the entire message)

[   81.211018] run blktests blktrace/002 at 2026-02-25 22:24:33
[   81.239580] null_blk: disk nullb1 created
[   81.357294] BUG: using __this_cpu_read() in preemptible [00000000] code: dd/2516
[   81.362842] caller is tracing_record_cmdline+0x10/0x40
[   81.362872] CPU: 16 UID: 0 PID: 2516 Comm: dd Tainted: G                 N  7.0.0-rc1lblk+ #84 PREEMPT(full)
[   81.362877] Tainted: [N]=TEST
[   81.362878] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[   81.362881] Call Trace:
[   81.362884]  <TASK>
[   81.362886]  dump_stack_lvl+0x8d/0xb0
[   81.362895]  check_preemption_disabled+0xce/0xe0
[   81.362902]  tracing_record_cmdline+0x10/0x40
[   81.362923]  __blk_add_trace+0x307/0x5d0
[   81.362934]  ? lock_acquire+0xe0/0x300
[   81.362940]  ? iov_iter_extract_pages+0x101/0xa30
[   81.362959]  blk_add_trace_bio+0x106/0x1e0
[   81.362968]  submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x24b/0x3a0
[   81.362979]  ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x58/0x260
[   81.362988]  submit_bio_wait+0x56/0x90
[   81.363009]  __blkdev_direct_IO_simple+0x16c/0x250
[   81.363026]  ? __pfx_submit_bio_wait_endio+0x10/0x10
[   81.363038]  ? rcu_read_lock_any_held+0x73/0xa0
[   81.363051]  blkdev_read_iter+0xc1/0x140
[   81.363059]  vfs_read+0x20b/0x330
[   81.363083]  ksys_read+0x67/0xe0
[   81.363090]  do_syscall_64+0xbf/0xf00
[   81.363102]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
[   81.363106] RIP: 0033:0x7f281906029d
[   81.363111] Code: 31 c0 e9 c6 fe ff ff 50 48 8d 3d 66 63 0a 00 e8 59 ff 01 00 66 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 80 3d 41 33 0e 00 00 74 17 31 c0 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 5b c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 83 ec
[   81.363113] RSP: 002b:00007ffca127dd48 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000000
[   81.363120] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f281906029d
[   81.363122] RDX: 0000000000001000 RSI: 0000559f8bfae000 RDI: 0000000000000000
[   81.363123] RBP: 0000000000001000 R08: 0000002863a10a81 R09: 00007f281915f000
[   81.363124] R10: 00007f2818f77b60 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000559f8bfae000
[   81.363126] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 000000000000000a
[   81.363142]  </TASK>

The same BUG fires from blk_add_trace_plug(), blk_add_trace_unplug(),
and blk_add_trace_rq() paths as well.

The purpose of tracing_record_cmdline() is to cache the task->comm for
a given PID so that the trace can later resolve it. It is only
meaningful when a trace event is actually being recorded. Ring buffer
reservation via ring_buffer_lock_reserve() disables preemption, and
preemption remains disabled until the event is committed :-

__blk_add_trace()
       	__trace_buffer_lock_reserve()
       		__trace_buffer_lock_reserve()
       			ring_buffer_lock_reserve()
       				preempt_disable_notrace();  <---

With this fix blktests for blktrace pass:

  blktests (master) # ./check blktrace
  blktrace/001 (blktrace zone management command tracing)      [passed]
      runtime  3.650s  ...  3.647s
  blktrace/002 (blktrace ftrace corruption with sysfs trace)   [passed]
      runtime  0.411s  ...  0.384s

Fixes: 7ffbd48d5c ("tracing: Cache comms only after an event occurred")
Reported-by: Shinichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-03-02 09:14:58 -07:00
arch cleanups and fixes 2026-02-16 09:30:44 -08:00
block block-7.0-20260216 2026-02-17 08:48:45 -08:00
certs mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-02-12 12:13:01 -08:00
crypto mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-02-12 12:13:01 -08:00
Documentation overlayfs updates for 7.0 2026-02-17 15:08:24 -08:00
drivers zloop: check for spurious options passed to remove 2026-02-24 14:50:18 -07:00
fs Changes for 7.0-rc1 2026-02-17 15:37:06 -08:00
include This adds support for the upcoming aes256k key type in CephX that is 2026-02-17 15:18:51 -08:00
init mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-02-12 12:13:01 -08:00
io_uring io_uring-7.0-20260216 2026-02-17 08:33:49 -08:00
ipc kernel-7.0-rc1.misc 2026-02-16 12:37:13 -08:00
kernel blktrace: fix __this_cpu_read/write in preemptible context 2026-03-02 09:14:58 -07:00
lib dmaengine updates for v7.0 2026-02-17 11:47:17 -08:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Add modern form of the LGPL-2.1 tags to the usage guide section 2025-10-22 07:58:19 +02:00
mm slab updates for 7.0 part2 2026-02-16 13:41:38 -08:00
net This adds support for the upcoming aes256k key type in CephX that is 2026-02-17 15:18:51 -08:00
rust USB / Thunderbolt changes for 7.0-rc1 2026-02-17 09:36:43 -08:00
samples USB / Thunderbolt changes for 7.0-rc1 2026-02-17 09:36:43 -08:00
scripts virtio,vhost,vdpa: features, fixes 2026-02-13 12:02:18 -08:00
security Capabilities update for 7.0 2026-02-14 11:30:05 -08:00
sound soundwire updates for 7.0 2026-02-17 10:07:13 -08:00
tools turbostat-2026.02.14 2026-02-17 15:51:14 -08:00
usr kbuild: uapi: drop dependency on CC_CAN_LINK 2026-01-16 15:02:11 -07:00
virt Merge tag 'kvm-x86-pmu-6.20' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD 2026-02-11 12:45:40 -05:00
.clang-format Devicetree updates for v7.0: 2026-02-11 18:27:08 -08:00
.clippy.toml rust: clean Rust 1.88.0's warning about clippy::disallowed_macros configuration 2025-05-07 00:11:47 +02:00
.cocciconfig
.editorconfig editorconfig: add rst extension 2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
.get_maintainer.ignore MAINTAINERS: remove Alyssa Rosenzweig 2025-09-18 21:17:31 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore rust: kbuild: add proc macro library support 2025-11-24 17:15:36 +01:00
.mailmap Landlock update for v7.0-rc1 2026-02-11 15:57:08 -08:00
.pylintrc docs: Move the python libraries to tools/lib/python 2025-11-18 09:22:40 -07:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS Networking changes for 7.0 2026-02-11 19:31:52 -08:00
Kbuild sched: Make migrate_{en,dis}able() inline 2025-09-25 09:57:16 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS dmaengine updates for v7.0 2026-02-17 11:47:17 -08:00
Makefile Devicetree updates for v7.0: 2026-02-11 18:27:08 -08:00
README docs: add AI Coding Assistants documentation 2026-01-06 14:55:06 -07:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst