-- On the standard library side:
The `input: []const u8` parameter of functions passed to `testing.fuzz`
has changed to `smith: *testing.Smith`. `Smith` is used to generate
values from libfuzzer or input bytes generated by libfuzzer.
`Smith` contains the following base methods:
* `value` as a generic method for generating any type
* `eos` for generating end-of-stream markers. Provides the additional
guarantee `true` will eventually by provided.
* `bytes` for filling a byte array.
* `slice` for filling part of a buffer and providing the length.
`Smith.Weight` is used for giving value ranges a higher probability of
being selected. By default, every value has a weight of zero (i.e. they
will not be selected). Weights can only apply to values that fit within
a u64. The above functions have corresponding ones that accept weights.
Additionally, the following functions are provided:
* `baselineWeights` which provides a set of weights containing every
possible value of a type.
* `eosSimpleWeighted` for unique weights for `true` and `false`
* `valueRangeAtMost` and `valueRangeLessThan` for weighing only a range
of values.
-- On the libfuzzer and abi side:
--- Uids
These are u32s which are used to classify requested values. This solves
the problem of a mutation causing a new value to be requested and
shifting all future values; for example:
1. An initial input contains the values 1, 2, 3 which are interpreted
as a, b, and c respectively by the test.
2. The 1 is mutated to a 4 which causes the test to request an extra
value interpreted as d. The input is now 4, 2, 3, 5 (new value) which
the test corresponds to a, d, b, c; however, b and c no longer
correspond to their original values.
Uids contain a hash component and type component. The hash component
is currently determined in `Smith` by taking a hash of the calling
`@returnAddress()` or via an argument in the corresponding `WithHash`
functions. The type component is used extensively in libfuzzer with its
hashmaps.
--- Mutations
At the start of a cycle (a run), a random number of values to mutate is
selected with less being exponentially more likely. The indexes of the
values are selected from a selected uid with a logarithmic bias to uids
with more values.
Mutations may change a single values, several consecutive values in a
uid, or several consecutive values in the uid-independent order they
were requested. They may generate random values, mutate from previous
ones, or copy from other values in the same uid from the same input or
spliced from another.
For integers, mutations from previous ones currently only generates
random values. For bytes, mutations from previous mix new random data
and previous bytes with a set number of mutations.
--- Passive Minimization
A different approach has been taken for minimizing inputs: instead of
trying a fixed set of mutations when a fresh input is found, the input
is instead simply added to the corpus and removed when it is no longer
valuable.
The quality of an input is measured based off how many unique pcs it
hit and how many values it needed from the fuzzer. It is tracked which
inputs hold the best qualities for each pc for hitting the minimum and
maximum unique pcs while needing the least values.
Once all an input's qualities have been superseded for the pcs it hit,
it is removed from the corpus.
-- Comparison to byte-based smith
A byte-based smith would be much more inefficient and complex than this
solution. It would be unable to solve the shifting problem that Uids
do. It is unable to provide values from the fuzzer past end-of-stream.
Even with feedback, it would be unable to act on dynamic weights which
have proven essential with the updated tests (e.g. to constrain values
to a range).
-- Test updates
All the standard library tests have been updated to use the new smith
interface. For `Deque`, an ad hoc allocator was written to improve
performance and remove reliance on heap allocation. `TokenSmith` has
been added to aid in testing Ast and help inform decisions on the smith
interface.
suggested alternatives:
- actual tests
- explicitly list the decls
- compile an example application that uses the API
- stop worrying about dead code
- refAllDecls (non recursive) in each file
Don't fight the laziness, embrace it.
closes#23608closes#30813
When switching on an error, using the captured value instead of the original
one is always preferable since its error set has been narrowed to only
contain errors which haven't already been handled by other switch prongs.
The subsequent commits will disallow this form as an unreachable `else` prong.
Previously Zig allowed you to write something like,
```zig
switch (x) {
.y => |_| {
```
This seems a bit strange because in other cases, such as when
capturing the tag in a switch case,
```zig
switch (x) {
.y => |_, _| {
```
this produces an error.
The only usecase I can think of for the previous behaviour is
if you wanted to assert that all union payloads are able
to coerce,
```zig
const X = union(enum) { y: u8, z: f32 };
switch (x) {
.y, .z => |_| {
```
This will compile-error with the `|_|` and pass without it.
I don't believe this usecase is strong enough to keep the current
behaviour; it was never used in the Zig codebase and I cannot
find a single usage of this behaviour in the real world, searching
through Sourcegraph.
There's a good argument to not have this in the std lib but it's more
work to remove it than to leave it in, and this branch is already
20,000+ lines changed.
use the application's Io implementation where possible. This correctly
makes writing to stderr cancelable, fallible, and participate in the
application's event loop. It also removes one more hard-coded
dependency on a secondary Io implementation.
`std.Io.tty.Config.detect` may be an expensive check (e.g. involving
syscalls), and doing it every time we need to print isn't really
necessary; under normal usage, we can compute the value once and cache
it for the whole program's execution. Since anyone outputting to stderr
may reasonably want this information (in fact they are very likely to),
it makes sense to cache it and return it from `lockStderrWriter`. Call
sites who do not need it will experience no significant overhead, and
can just ignore the TTY config with a `const w, _` destructure.
Previously, the logic in peekDelimiterInclusive (when the delimiter was not found in the existing buffer) used the `n` returned from `r.vtable.stream` as the length of the slice to check, but it's valid for `vtable.stream` implementations to return 0 if they wrote to the buffer instead of `w`. In that scenario, the `indexOfScalarPos` would be given a 0-length slice so it would never be able to find the delimiter.
This commit changes the logic to assume that `r.vtable.stream` can both:
- return 0, and
- modify seek/end (i.e. it's also valid for a `vtable.stream` implementation to rebase)
Also introduces `std.testing.ReaderIndirect` which helps in being able to test against Reader implementations that return 0 from `stream`/`readVec`
Fixes#25428
added adapter to AnyWriter and GenericWriter to help bridge the gap
between old and new API
make std.testing.expectFmt work at compile-time
std.fmt no longer has a dependency on std.unicode. Formatted printing
was never properly unicode-aware. Now it no longer pretends to be.
Breakage/deprecations:
* std.fs.File.reader -> std.fs.File.deprecatedReader
* std.fs.File.writer -> std.fs.File.deprecatedWriter
* std.io.GenericReader -> std.io.Reader
* std.io.GenericWriter -> std.io.Writer
* std.io.AnyReader -> std.io.Reader
* std.io.AnyWriter -> std.io.Writer
* std.fmt.format -> std.fmt.deprecatedFormat
* std.fmt.fmtSliceEscapeLower -> std.ascii.hexEscape
* std.fmt.fmtSliceEscapeUpper -> std.ascii.hexEscape
* std.fmt.fmtSliceHexLower -> {x}
* std.fmt.fmtSliceHexUpper -> {X}
* std.fmt.fmtIntSizeDec -> {B}
* std.fmt.fmtIntSizeBin -> {Bi}
* std.fmt.fmtDuration -> {D}
* std.fmt.fmtDurationSigned -> {D}
* {} -> {f} when there is a format method
* format method signature
- anytype -> *std.io.Writer
- inferred error set -> error{WriteFailed}
- options -> (deleted)
* std.fmt.Formatted
- now takes context type explicitly
- no fmt string
preparing to rearrange std.io namespace into an interface
how to upgrade:
std.io.getStdIn() -> std.fs.File.stdin()
std.io.getStdOut() -> std.fs.File.stdout()
std.io.getStdErr() -> std.fs.File.stderr()
Nothing interesting here; literally just the bare minimum so I can work on this
on and off in a branch without worrying about merge conflicts in the non-backend
code.
breaking change to the fuzz testing API; it now passes a type-safe
context parameter to the fuzz function.
libfuzzer is reworked to select inputs from the entire corpus.
I tested that it's roughly as good as it was before in that it can find
the panics in the simple examples, as well as achieve decent coverage on
the tokenizer fuzz test.
however I think the next step here will be figuring out why so many
points of interest are missing from the tokenizer in both Debug and
ReleaseSafe modes.
does not quite close#20803 yet since there are some more important
things to be done, such as opening the previous corpus, continuing
fuzzing after finding bugs, storing the length of the inputs, etc.
