linux/kernel/locking/test-ww_mutex.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
 * Module-based API test facility for ww_mutexes
 */

#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/prandom.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/ww_mutex.h>

static DEFINE_WD_CLASS(wd_class);
static DEFINE_WW_CLASS(ww_class);
struct workqueue_struct *wq;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_WW_MUTEX_SLOWPATH
#define ww_acquire_init_noinject(a, b) do { \
		ww_acquire_init((a), (b)); \
		(a)->deadlock_inject_countdown = ~0U; \
	} while (0)
#else
#define ww_acquire_init_noinject(a, b) ww_acquire_init((a), (b))
#endif

struct test_mutex {
	struct work_struct work;
	struct ww_mutex mutex;
	struct completion ready, go, done;
	unsigned int flags;
};

#define TEST_MTX_SPIN BIT(0)
#define TEST_MTX_TRY BIT(1)
#define TEST_MTX_CTX BIT(2)
#define __TEST_MTX_LAST BIT(3)

static void test_mutex_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct test_mutex *mtx = container_of(work, typeof(*mtx), work);

	complete(&mtx->ready);
	wait_for_completion(&mtx->go);

	if (mtx->flags & TEST_MTX_TRY) {
		while (!ww_mutex_trylock(&mtx->mutex, NULL))
			cond_resched();
	} else {
		ww_mutex_lock(&mtx->mutex, NULL);
	}
	complete(&mtx->done);
	ww_mutex_unlock(&mtx->mutex);
}

static int __test_mutex(struct ww_class *class, unsigned int flags)
{
#define TIMEOUT (HZ / 16)
	struct test_mutex mtx;
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int ret;

	ww_mutex_init(&mtx.mutex, class);
	if (flags & TEST_MTX_CTX)
		ww_acquire_init(&ctx, class);

	INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&mtx.work, test_mutex_work);
	init_completion(&mtx.ready);
	init_completion(&mtx.go);
	init_completion(&mtx.done);
	mtx.flags = flags;

	queue_work(wq, &mtx.work);

	wait_for_completion(&mtx.ready);
	ww_mutex_lock(&mtx.mutex, (flags & TEST_MTX_CTX) ? &ctx : NULL);
	complete(&mtx.go);
	if (flags & TEST_MTX_SPIN) {
		unsigned long timeout = jiffies + TIMEOUT;

		ret = 0;
		do {
			if (completion_done(&mtx.done)) {
				ret = -EINVAL;
				break;
			}
			cond_resched();
		} while (time_before(jiffies, timeout));
	} else {
		ret = wait_for_completion_timeout(&mtx.done, TIMEOUT);
	}
	ww_mutex_unlock(&mtx.mutex);
	if (flags & TEST_MTX_CTX)
		ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);

	if (ret) {
		pr_err("%s(flags=%x): mutual exclusion failure\n",
		       __func__, flags);
		ret = -EINVAL;
	}

	flush_work(&mtx.work);
	destroy_work_on_stack(&mtx.work);
	return ret;
#undef TIMEOUT
}

static int test_mutex(struct ww_class *class)
{
	int ret;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < __TEST_MTX_LAST; i++) {
		ret = __test_mutex(class, i);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int test_aa(struct ww_class *class, bool trylock)
{
	struct ww_mutex mutex;
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int ret;
	const char *from = trylock ? "trylock" : "lock";

	ww_mutex_init(&mutex, class);
	ww_acquire_init(&ctx, class);

	if (!trylock) {
		ret = ww_mutex_lock(&mutex, &ctx);
		if (ret) {
			pr_err("%s: initial lock failed!\n", __func__);
			goto out;
		}
	} else {
		ret = !ww_mutex_trylock(&mutex, &ctx);
		if (ret) {
			pr_err("%s: initial trylock failed!\n", __func__);
			goto out;
		}
	}

	if (ww_mutex_trylock(&mutex, NULL))  {
		pr_err("%s: trylocked itself without context from %s!\n", __func__, from);
		ww_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	if (ww_mutex_trylock(&mutex, &ctx))  {
		pr_err("%s: trylocked itself with context from %s!\n", __func__, from);
		ww_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	ret = ww_mutex_lock(&mutex, &ctx);
	if (ret != -EALREADY) {
		pr_err("%s: missed deadlock for recursing, ret=%d from %s\n",
		       __func__, ret, from);
		if (!ret)
			ww_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	ww_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
	ret = 0;
out:
	ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);
	return ret;
}

struct test_abba {
	struct work_struct work;
	struct ww_class *class;
	struct ww_mutex a_mutex;
	struct ww_mutex b_mutex;
	struct completion a_ready;
	struct completion b_ready;
	bool resolve, trylock;
	int result;
};

static void test_abba_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct test_abba *abba = container_of(work, typeof(*abba), work);
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int err;

	ww_acquire_init_noinject(&ctx, abba->class);
	if (!abba->trylock)
		ww_mutex_lock(&abba->b_mutex, &ctx);
	else
		WARN_ON(!ww_mutex_trylock(&abba->b_mutex, &ctx));

	WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(abba->b_mutex.ctx) != &ctx);

	complete(&abba->b_ready);
	wait_for_completion(&abba->a_ready);

	err = ww_mutex_lock(&abba->a_mutex, &ctx);
	if (abba->resolve && err == -EDEADLK) {
		ww_mutex_unlock(&abba->b_mutex);
		ww_mutex_lock_slow(&abba->a_mutex, &ctx);
		err = ww_mutex_lock(&abba->b_mutex, &ctx);
	}

	if (!err)
		ww_mutex_unlock(&abba->a_mutex);
	ww_mutex_unlock(&abba->b_mutex);
	ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);

	abba->result = err;
}

static int test_abba(struct ww_class *class, bool trylock, bool resolve)
{
	struct test_abba abba;
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int err, ret;

	ww_mutex_init(&abba.a_mutex, class);
	ww_mutex_init(&abba.b_mutex, class);
	INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&abba.work, test_abba_work);
	init_completion(&abba.a_ready);
	init_completion(&abba.b_ready);
	abba.class = class;
	abba.trylock = trylock;
	abba.resolve = resolve;

	queue_work(wq, &abba.work);

	ww_acquire_init_noinject(&ctx, class);
	if (!trylock)
		ww_mutex_lock(&abba.a_mutex, &ctx);
	else
		WARN_ON(!ww_mutex_trylock(&abba.a_mutex, &ctx));

	WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(abba.a_mutex.ctx) != &ctx);

	complete(&abba.a_ready);
	wait_for_completion(&abba.b_ready);

	err = ww_mutex_lock(&abba.b_mutex, &ctx);
	if (resolve && err == -EDEADLK) {
		ww_mutex_unlock(&abba.a_mutex);
		ww_mutex_lock_slow(&abba.b_mutex, &ctx);
		err = ww_mutex_lock(&abba.a_mutex, &ctx);
	}

	if (!err)
		ww_mutex_unlock(&abba.b_mutex);
	ww_mutex_unlock(&abba.a_mutex);
	ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);

	flush_work(&abba.work);
	destroy_work_on_stack(&abba.work);

	ret = 0;
	if (resolve) {
		if (err || abba.result) {
			pr_err("%s: failed to resolve ABBA deadlock, A err=%d, B err=%d\n",
			       __func__, err, abba.result);
			ret = -EINVAL;
		}
	} else {
		if (err != -EDEADLK && abba.result != -EDEADLK) {
			pr_err("%s: missed ABBA deadlock, A err=%d, B err=%d\n",
			       __func__, err, abba.result);
			ret = -EINVAL;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

struct test_cycle {
	struct work_struct work;
	struct ww_class *class;
	struct ww_mutex a_mutex;
	struct ww_mutex *b_mutex;
	struct completion *a_signal;
	struct completion b_signal;
	int result;
};

static void test_cycle_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct test_cycle *cycle = container_of(work, typeof(*cycle), work);
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int err, erra = 0;

	ww_acquire_init_noinject(&ctx, cycle->class);
	ww_mutex_lock(&cycle->a_mutex, &ctx);

	complete(cycle->a_signal);
	wait_for_completion(&cycle->b_signal);

	err = ww_mutex_lock(cycle->b_mutex, &ctx);
	if (err == -EDEADLK) {
		err = 0;
		ww_mutex_unlock(&cycle->a_mutex);
		ww_mutex_lock_slow(cycle->b_mutex, &ctx);
		erra = ww_mutex_lock(&cycle->a_mutex, &ctx);
	}

	if (!err)
		ww_mutex_unlock(cycle->b_mutex);
	if (!erra)
		ww_mutex_unlock(&cycle->a_mutex);
	ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);

	cycle->result = err ?: erra;
}

static int __test_cycle(struct ww_class *class, unsigned int nthreads)
{
	struct test_cycle *cycles;
	unsigned int n, last = nthreads - 1;
	int ret;

	cycles = kmalloc_objs(*cycles, nthreads);
	if (!cycles)
		return -ENOMEM;

	for (n = 0; n < nthreads; n++) {
		struct test_cycle *cycle = &cycles[n];

		cycle->class = class;
		ww_mutex_init(&cycle->a_mutex, class);
		if (n == last)
			cycle->b_mutex = &cycles[0].a_mutex;
		else
			cycle->b_mutex = &cycles[n + 1].a_mutex;

		if (n == 0)
			cycle->a_signal = &cycles[last].b_signal;
		else
			cycle->a_signal = &cycles[n - 1].b_signal;
		init_completion(&cycle->b_signal);

		INIT_WORK(&cycle->work, test_cycle_work);
		cycle->result = 0;
	}

	for (n = 0; n < nthreads; n++)
		queue_work(wq, &cycles[n].work);

	flush_workqueue(wq);

	ret = 0;
	for (n = 0; n < nthreads; n++) {
		struct test_cycle *cycle = &cycles[n];

		if (!cycle->result)
			continue;

		pr_err("cyclic deadlock not resolved, ret[%d/%d] = %d\n",
		       n, nthreads, cycle->result);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		break;
	}

	for (n = 0; n < nthreads; n++)
		ww_mutex_destroy(&cycles[n].a_mutex);
	kfree(cycles);
	return ret;
}

static int test_cycle(struct ww_class *class, unsigned int ncpus)
{
	unsigned int n;
	int ret;

	for (n = 2; n <= ncpus + 1; n++) {
		ret = __test_cycle(class, n);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	return 0;
}

struct stress {
	struct work_struct work;
	struct ww_mutex *locks;
	struct ww_class *class;
	unsigned long timeout;
	int nlocks;
};

struct rnd_state rng;
DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rng_lock);

static inline u32 prandom_u32_below(u32 ceil)
{
	u32 ret;

	spin_lock(&rng_lock);
	ret = prandom_u32_state(&rng) % ceil;
	spin_unlock(&rng_lock);
	return ret;
}

static int *get_random_order(int count)
{
	int *order;
	int n, r;

	order = kmalloc_objs(*order, count);
	if (!order)
		return order;

	for (n = 0; n < count; n++)
		order[n] = n;

	for (n = count - 1; n > 1; n--) {
		r = prandom_u32_below(n + 1);
		if (r != n)
			swap(order[n], order[r]);
	}

	return order;
}

static void dummy_load(struct stress *stress)
{
	usleep_range(1000, 2000);
}

static void stress_inorder_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct stress *stress = container_of(work, typeof(*stress), work);
	const int nlocks = stress->nlocks;
	struct ww_mutex *locks = stress->locks;
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	int *order;

	order = get_random_order(nlocks);
	if (!order)
		return;

	do {
		int contended = -1;
		int n, err;

		ww_acquire_init(&ctx, stress->class);
retry:
		err = 0;
		for (n = 0; n < nlocks; n++) {
			if (n == contended)
				continue;

			err = ww_mutex_lock(&locks[order[n]], &ctx);
			if (err < 0)
				break;
		}
		if (!err)
			dummy_load(stress);

		if (contended > n)
			ww_mutex_unlock(&locks[order[contended]]);
		contended = n;
		while (n--)
			ww_mutex_unlock(&locks[order[n]]);

		if (err == -EDEADLK) {
			if (!time_after(jiffies, stress->timeout)) {
				ww_mutex_lock_slow(&locks[order[contended]], &ctx);
				goto retry;
			}
		}

		ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);
		if (err) {
			pr_err_once("stress (%s) failed with %d\n",
				    __func__, err);
			break;
		}
	} while (!time_after(jiffies, stress->timeout));

	kfree(order);
}

struct reorder_lock {
	struct list_head link;
	struct ww_mutex *lock;
};

static void stress_reorder_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct stress *stress = container_of(work, typeof(*stress), work);
	LIST_HEAD(locks);
	struct ww_acquire_ctx ctx;
	struct reorder_lock *ll, *ln;
	int *order;
	int n, err;

	order = get_random_order(stress->nlocks);
	if (!order)
		return;

	for (n = 0; n < stress->nlocks; n++) {
		ll = kmalloc_obj(*ll);
		if (!ll)
			goto out;

		ll->lock = &stress->locks[order[n]];
		list_add(&ll->link, &locks);
	}
	kfree(order);
	order = NULL;

	do {
		ww_acquire_init(&ctx, stress->class);

		list_for_each_entry(ll, &locks, link) {
			err = ww_mutex_lock(ll->lock, &ctx);
			if (!err)
				continue;

			ln = ll;
			list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(ln, &locks, link)
				ww_mutex_unlock(ln->lock);

			if (err != -EDEADLK) {
				pr_err_once("stress (%s) failed with %d\n",
					    __func__, err);
				break;
			}

			ww_mutex_lock_slow(ll->lock, &ctx);
			list_move(&ll->link, &locks); /* restarts iteration */
		}

		dummy_load(stress);
		list_for_each_entry(ll, &locks, link)
			ww_mutex_unlock(ll->lock);

		ww_acquire_fini(&ctx);
	} while (!time_after(jiffies, stress->timeout));

out:
	list_for_each_entry_safe(ll, ln, &locks, link)
		kfree(ll);
	kfree(order);
}

static void stress_one_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct stress *stress = container_of(work, typeof(*stress), work);
	const int nlocks = stress->nlocks;
	struct ww_mutex *lock = stress->locks + get_random_u32_below(nlocks);
	int err;

	do {
		err = ww_mutex_lock(lock, NULL);
		if (!err) {
			dummy_load(stress);
			ww_mutex_unlock(lock);
		} else {
			pr_err_once("stress (%s) failed with %d\n",
				    __func__, err);
			break;
		}
	} while (!time_after(jiffies, stress->timeout));
}

#define STRESS_INORDER BIT(0)
#define STRESS_REORDER BIT(1)
#define STRESS_ONE BIT(2)
#define STRESS_ALL (STRESS_INORDER | STRESS_REORDER | STRESS_ONE)

static int stress(struct ww_class *class, int nlocks, int nthreads, unsigned int flags)
{
	struct ww_mutex *locks;
	struct stress *stress_array;
	int n, count;

	locks = kmalloc_objs(*locks, nlocks);
	if (!locks)
		return -ENOMEM;

	stress_array = kmalloc_objs(*stress_array, nthreads);
	if (!stress_array) {
		kfree(locks);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	for (n = 0; n < nlocks; n++)
		ww_mutex_init(&locks[n], class);

	count = 0;
	for (n = 0; nthreads; n++) {
		struct stress *stress;
		void (*fn)(struct work_struct *work);

		fn = NULL;
		switch (n & 3) {
		case 0:
			if (flags & STRESS_INORDER)
				fn = stress_inorder_work;
			break;
		case 1:
			if (flags & STRESS_REORDER)
				fn = stress_reorder_work;
			break;
		case 2:
			if (flags & STRESS_ONE)
				fn = stress_one_work;
			break;
		}

		if (!fn)
			continue;

		stress = &stress_array[count++];

		INIT_WORK(&stress->work, fn);
		stress->class = class;
		stress->locks = locks;
		stress->nlocks = nlocks;
		stress->timeout = jiffies + 2*HZ;

		queue_work(wq, &stress->work);
		nthreads--;
	}

	flush_workqueue(wq);

	for (n = 0; n < nlocks; n++)
		ww_mutex_destroy(&locks[n]);
	kfree(stress_array);
	kfree(locks);

	return 0;
}

static int run_tests(struct ww_class *class)
{
	int ncpus = num_online_cpus();
	int ret, i;

	ret = test_mutex(class);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = test_aa(class, false);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = test_aa(class, true);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		ret = test_abba(class, i & 1, i & 2);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}

	ret = test_cycle(class, ncpus);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = stress(class, 16, 2 * ncpus, STRESS_INORDER);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = stress(class, 16, 2 * ncpus, STRESS_REORDER);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = stress(class, 2046, hweight32(STRESS_ALL) * ncpus, STRESS_ALL);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	return 0;
}

static int run_test_classes(void)
{
	int ret;

	pr_info("Beginning ww (wound) mutex selftests\n");

	ret = run_tests(&ww_class);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	pr_info("Beginning ww (die) mutex selftests\n");
	ret = run_tests(&wd_class);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	pr_info("All ww mutex selftests passed\n");
	return 0;
}

static DEFINE_MUTEX(run_lock);

static ssize_t run_tests_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
			       const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	if (!mutex_trylock(&run_lock)) {
		pr_err("Test already running\n");
		return count;
	}

	run_test_classes();
	mutex_unlock(&run_lock);

	return count;
}

static struct kobj_attribute run_tests_attribute =
	__ATTR(run_tests, 0664, NULL, run_tests_store);

static struct attribute *attrs[] = {
	&run_tests_attribute.attr,
	NULL,   /* need to NULL terminate the list of attributes */
};

static struct attribute_group attr_group = {
	.attrs = attrs,
};

static struct kobject *test_ww_mutex_kobj;

static int __init test_ww_mutex_init(void)
{
	int ret;

	prandom_seed_state(&rng, get_random_u64());

	wq = alloc_workqueue("test-ww_mutex", WQ_UNBOUND, 0);
	if (!wq)
		return -ENOMEM;

	test_ww_mutex_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("test_ww_mutex", kernel_kobj);
	if (!test_ww_mutex_kobj) {
		destroy_workqueue(wq);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	/* Create the files associated with this kobject */
	ret = sysfs_create_group(test_ww_mutex_kobj, &attr_group);
	if (ret) {
		kobject_put(test_ww_mutex_kobj);
		destroy_workqueue(wq);
		return ret;
	}

	mutex_lock(&run_lock);
	ret = run_test_classes();
	mutex_unlock(&run_lock);

	return ret;
}

static void __exit test_ww_mutex_exit(void)
{
	kobject_put(test_ww_mutex_kobj);
	destroy_workqueue(wq);
}

module_init(test_ww_mutex_init);
module_exit(test_ww_mutex_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Intel Corporation");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("API test facility for ww_mutexes");